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Organic chemistry
Organic Functional Groups
12 terms · by ineedtostudy · updated 4 hours ago
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Terms in this set
Alkane
Only C–C single bonds. Suffix -ane. Ethane.
Alkene
Contains a C=C double bond. Suffix -ene. Ethene.
Alkyne
Contains a C≡C triple bond. Suffix -yne. Ethyne.
Alcohol
–OH bonded to carbon. Suffix -ol. Ethanol.
Aldehyde
C=O at the end of a chain, with a hydrogen attached. Suffix -al. Ethanal.
Ketone
C=O in the middle of a chain, between two carbons. Suffix -one. Propanone.
Carboxylic acid
–COOH. Suffix -oic acid. Ethanoic acid.
Ester
–COO– between two carbons. From an acid plus an alcohol. Ethyl ethanoate.
Amine
Nitrogen with one, two or three carbon substituents. Basic. Methylamine.
Amide
C=O bonded to nitrogen. The peptide bond in proteins is an amide.
Ether
Oxygen between two carbons, R–O–R. Diethyl ether.
Aromatic (arene)
A planar ring with delocalised pi electrons following Hückel's 4n+2 rule. Benzene.