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Mechanics
Kinematics and Newton's Laws
12 terms · by ineedtostudy · updated 4 hours ago
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Terms in this set
Newton's first law
A body stays at rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by a net external force. Inertia.
Newton's second law
F = ma. Net force equals mass times acceleration, in the direction of the force.
Newton's third law
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. The pair acts on different bodies, which is why they do not cancel.
v = u + at
Velocity after time t under constant acceleration.
s = ut + ½at²
Displacement under constant acceleration.
v² = u² + 2as
Relates velocity and displacement with no time term.
Momentum
p = mv. Conserved in any closed system, in every collision type.
Impulse
J = FΔt = Δp. A force applied over time changes momentum.
Kinetic energy
KE = ½mv². Conserved only in elastic collisions.
Gravitational potential energy
PE = mgh near the Earth's surface.
Work
W = Fd cos θ. Only the component of force along the displacement does work.
Power
P = W/t = Fv. The rate of doing work, in watts.