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Anatomy · Head and neck
Cranial Nerves I–XII
12 terms · by ineedtostudy · updated 4 hours ago
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Terms in this set
CN I — Olfactory
Sensory. Smell. Passes through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.
CN II — Optic
Sensory. Vision. Exits the optic canal; nasal fibres decussate at the optic chiasm.
CN III — Oculomotor
Motor. Four of the six extraocular muscles, eyelid elevation, pupillary constriction.
CN IV — Trochlear
Motor. Superior oblique only. The only cranial nerve to exit the dorsal brainstem.
CN V — Trigeminal
Both. Facial sensation in three divisions (V1, V2, V3) plus the muscles of mastication.
CN VI — Abducens
Motor. Lateral rectus, which abducts the eye. Long intracranial course, so it fails early in raised intracranial pressure.
CN VII — Facial
Both. Muscles of facial expression, taste on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, tears and saliva.
CN VIII — Vestibulocochlear
Sensory. Hearing and balance. Enters at the pontomedullary junction.
CN IX — Glossopharyngeal
Both. Taste and sensation on the posterior third of the tongue; afferent limb of the gag reflex.
CN X — Vagus
Both. Parasympathetic supply to thorax and abdomen, palate and larynx; efferent limb of the gag reflex.
CN XI — Accessory
Motor. Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius — turns the head and shrugs the shoulders.
CN XII — Hypoglossal
Motor. Intrinsic tongue muscles. A lesion makes the protruded tongue deviate toward the weak side.